Estimate your income tax for the 2026/27 tax year (England, Wales & Northern Ireland) by band.
UK income tax is marginal: you pay each rate only on the slice of income within that band. The first £12,570 (your personal allowance) is tax-free; income from there to £50,270 is taxed at 20%; from £50,270 to £125,140 at 40%; and above £125,140 at 45%.
Once income exceeds £100,000, the personal allowance is withdrawn by £1 for every £2 earned, fully disappearing at £125,140. This creates an effective marginal rate of about 60% between £100,000 and £125,140. Pension contributions and Gift Aid can extend your basic-rate band and reduce the tax due. Scotland sets its own bands and rates.